VTNE sample questions

Question 1

A veterinary technician is performing diagnostic parasitology evaluations on canine blood and fecal specimens. Which TWO laboratory procedures or diagnostic interpretations are accurate? (Select TWO)

Accepted Answer

Conducting a Baermann funnel test on fresh unrefrigerated feces isolates motile lungworm larvae that migrate into warm water and settle by gravity.

Accepted Answer

Performing a Modified Knott's test with 2% formalin and methylene blue stain concentrates microfilariae and lyses erythrocytes to differentiate Dirofilaria sp. from Acanthocheilonema (Dipetalonema) sp.

Answer

Evaluating a direct wet mount of whole blood identifies Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae by their rapid progressive forward movement out of the field of view and button-hook tail.

Answer

Using the McMaster chamber with standard sodium nitrate flotation solution is the preferred method to recover heavy operculated trematode ova without osmotic distortion.

Answer

Applying clear adhesive tape to the perianal region of a dog is used to diagnose canine pinworm (Oxyuris equi) infection.

Question 2

A critically ill domestic shorthair cat is admitted to the intensive care unit in decompensated shock with an initial Doppler blood pressure (DopBP) of 66 mm Hg. While monitoring the patient's response to hemodynamic stabilization during hospitalization, what minimum increase in DopBP is associated with a significantly higher (69% vs. 17%) survival-to-discharge rate?

Accepted Answer

An increase of at least 20 mm Hg during hospitalization

Answer

An increase of at least 55 mm Hg above baseline

Answer

An increase of at least 5 mm Hg within the first hour

Answer

An increase of at least 10 mm Hg over 48 hours

Question 3

True or False: Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring alone is sufficient to rule out cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) in a critically ill patient because the presence of organized QRS complexes on the monitor guarantees mechanical cardiac output and peripheral perfusion.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 4

While performing applanation tonometry on a Basset Hound presenting with acute blepharospasm, episcleral injection, and corneal edema, a veterinary technician records an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 48 mm Hg in the right eye (OD). Which restraint error can falsely elevate an IOP reading, and what ocular pathology does a true IOP of 48 mm Hg indicate?

Accepted Answer

Compressing the external jugular veins or placing pressure on the globe through the eyelids falsely elevates IOP; a true reading of 48 mm Hg indicates glaucoma.

Answer

Holding the dog in sternal recumbency with a loose harness falsely elevates IOP; a true reading of 48 mm Hg indicates keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

Answer

Instilling one drop of 0.5% proparacaine prior to applanation tonometry falsely elevates IOP by 25 mm Hg; a true reading of 48 mm Hg is within normal canine limits.

Answer

Retracting the eyelids against the bony orbital rim rather than the globe falsely elevates IOP; a true reading of 48 mm Hg indicates uncomplicated anterior uveitis.

Question 5

An intubated 4-kg cat is maintained on isoflurane in 100% oxygen (O2) during an exploratory laparotomy. The pulse oximeter displays a strong plethysmograph waveform with an SpO2 of 98%, yet the capnograph shows the end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) rising steadily from 38 mm Hg to 65 mm Hg over 10 minutes. Why has the SpO2 remained normal despite marked hypoventilation?

```mermaid
flowchart TD
A[Anesthetized Patient on 100% FiO2] --> B[Progressive Hypoventilation]
B --> C[Alveolar CO2 Retention]
C --> D[ETCO2 Rises to 65 mm Hg]
B --> E[Alveolar PO2 Remains High Due to 100% O2]
E --> F[SpO2 Remains >= 96%]
```

Accepted Answer

Supplemental 100% oxygen keeps arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) elevated, making pulse oximetry slow to detect hypoventilation, apnea, or airway obstruction.

Answer

Feline hemoglobin binds carbon dioxide at the same heme site as oxygen, causing the pulse oximeter to misread hypercapnia as 98% oxyhemoglobin.

Answer

Pulse oximetry directly measures arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), so an SpO2 of 98% proves the capnograph adapter is defective.

Answer

An SpO2 value >= 96% confirms both adequate alveolar ventilation and normotensive arterial blood pressure in anesthetized cats.

Question 6

During an orthopedic procedure in an anesthetized dog, the lingual pulse oximeter probe stops displaying an SpO2 reading. After confirming that the patient is motionless and verifying that the probe and monitor are positioned properly on an unpigmented mucosal site without equipment malfunction, which TWO actions should the technician take immediately to assess perfusion and ventilation? (Select TWO)

Accepted Answer

Palpate peripheral arterial pulses and measure blood pressure to evaluate pulsatile blood flow and perfusion.

Accepted Answer

Cross-reference the ECG and capnograph (verifying ETCO2 >= 12 mm Hg for endotracheal tube placement and pulmonary circulation).

Answer

Rely solely on the ECG trace, as normal sinus complexes guarantee adequate mean arterial blood pressure.

Answer

Turn off the oxygen flowmeter for 3 minutes to stimulate a sympathetic baroreceptor response.

Answer

Increase the inhalant vaporizer dial by 2% to induce peripheral vasodilation and restore the plethysmograph waveform.

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Free VTNE sample questions

A veterinary technician is performing diagnostic parasitology evaluations on canine blood and fecal specimens. Which TWO laboratory procedures or diagnostic interpretations are accurate? (Select TWO)

True or False: Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring alone is sufficient to rule out cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) in a critically ill patient because the presence of organized QRS complexes on the monitor guarantees mechanical cardiac output and peripheral perfusion.

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